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"Experience has shown that some strategic actions fail more often than they succeed. Ten examples of strategic moves that usually produce poor results are presented below:

a) Imitating the moves of leading or successful competitors when the market has no more room for copycat products and look-alike competitors.
b) Spending more money on marketing and sales promotion to try and get round problems with product quality and product performance.
c) Establishing many weak market positions instead of a few strong ones.
d) Using debt to finance cost-saving investments in new facilities and equipment, then getting trapped with high fixed costs when demand turns down, excess capacity appears, and cash flows are too small to cover interest costs and debt repayment. 
e) Allocating R&D efforts to weak products instead of strong products.
f) Attacking the market leaders head-on without having either a good competitive advantage or adequate financial strength.
g) Making such aggressive attempts to take market share that rivals are provoked into a strong retaliation and costly "arm-race" struggle. Such battles seldom produce a substantial change in market shares; the usual outcome is higher costs and profitless sales growth.
h) Initiating price cuts to win added market share without having a cost advantage. 
i) Going after the high end of the market without having the reputation to attract buyers looking for name brand, prestige goods.
j) Depending on cosmetic product improvements to serve as a substitute for real innovation and extra customer value.

These mistakes are usually born out of acts of desperation, poor analysis of the industry and competitive conditions, and/or misjudgements."